The Nature of True Goodness: Choice vs. Necessity
The concept of "goodness" is often discussed, but its true nature can be elusive. Is a person genuinely good if they are compelled to act virtuously, or does true goodness arise from free will and conscious choice? This question is explored in the context of early Christian thought, particularly concerning the nature of God and humanity's relationship to the divine.
Free Will and Genuine Goodness
The text argues that genuine goodness stems from free will. If someone is "made good by another under necessity," they are not truly good because their actions are not based on their own volition (Source: Document: 1739759105915-3cgekr-anf08.txt). The capacity for choice, the freedom to choose between good and evil, is what allows for authentic virtue.
he who is good by his own choice is really good; but he who is made good by another under necessity is not really good, because he is not what he is by his own choice. (Source: Document: 1739759105915-3cgekr-anf08.txt)
This perspective suggests that a truly moral being must have the capacity to act immorally, but chooses instead to act righteously.
God's Long-Suffering and Human Choice
The text also touches upon God's role in human behavior. It refutes the idea that God dictates every thought and action, which would make Him responsible for evil deeds (Source: Document: 1739759105915-3cgekr-anf08.txt). Instead, God is presented as long-suffering, allowing individuals to make their own choices, even if those choices lead to impiety. This long-suffering is seen as a merciful attribute, recognizing the potential for impious individuals to become pious.
The Problem of Worship and Divine Honor
The text raises the question of worship and the attribution of honor. It criticizes the worship of created things like the sun, moon, earth, and even humans, as practiced in some cultures (Source: Document: 1739759105915-3cgekr-anf08.txt). The text argues that God alone deserves worship and honor. It suggests that God might not bestow benefits when asked alongside other entities that can do nothing, not necessarily out of indignation, but to avoid participating in deceit. The credit should rightly go to the source of the benefit, not to idols that have done nothing (Source: Document: 1739759105915-3cgekr-anf08.txt).
Goodness and Justice in God
The text explores the apparent dichotomy between God's goodness and justice. It asserts that God is both good and just (Source: Document: 1739759105915-3cgekr-anf08.txt). He is good in his patience and welcome of the penitent, and just in rendering judgment according to one's deeds. This balance highlights a comprehensive understanding of God's character, incorporating both mercy and fairness.
Conclusion
The exploration of free will, divine long-suffering, and the nature of goodness and justice provides insights into early Christian thought. True goodness is not simply the absence of evil, but a conscious choice towards righteousness, made possible by the gift of free will. God, in his goodness, allows for this freedom, even in the face of impiety, while remaining just in his ultimate judgment.