The Two Seeds of Jacob: A Look at True Israel

Scripture speaks of Jacob and Israel, but not always in ways that are immediately clear. Justin Martyr delves into this topic, highlighting a critical distinction between two seeds of Jacob, two races, and two houses. Understanding this distinction is crucial for grasping the nature of the true Israelitic race.

Jacob/Israel and Christ

Justin states, "Jacob was called Israel; and Israel has been demonstrated to be the Christ, who is, and is called, Jesus." He further elaborates that Christ is the everlasting King, not Jacob the son of Isaac. Isaiah xlii. 1-4 is quoted to support this, identifying Christ as the one in whom the Gentiles will trust.

The True Israelitic Race

Justin argues that Christians, "who have been quarried out from the bowels of Christ, are the true Israelitic race." This is in contrast to the traditional understanding of lineage through blood and flesh. The prophet says, "And I will bring forth the seed out of Jacob, and out of Judah: and it shall inherit My holy mountain."

The passage emphasizes that this seed of Jacob is not the same as the descendants of Jacob. He reproaches the latter with unfitness for the inheritance, promising it instead to those whom He will sow and beget.

Two Seeds, Two Houses

Justin draws a parallel, noting that there are "two seeds of Judah, and two races, as there are two houses of Jacob: the one begotten by blood and flesh, the other by faith and the Spirit." This distinction is vital. One is a physical lineage, while the other is a spiritual one, born of faith in Christ.

Rejecting Christ

The text contends that by rejecting Christ, the Jews rejected God. God promises to bring forth "certain others, who shall dwell in His mountain," but these are the ones whom He said He would sow and beget. These "others" are those who suffer Him when He calls and hear Him when He speaks.

This exploration of the two seeds of Jacob offers a profound understanding of who constitutes the true Israel. It moves beyond physical descent to embrace a spiritual connection through faith in Christ.